Simultaneous Urea and Phosphate Recovery from Synthetic Urine by Electrochemical Stabilization

Urine is a widely available renewable source of nitrogen and phosphorous. The in urine present the form urea, which rapidly hydrolyzed to ammonia carbonic acid by urease enzymes occurring nature. In order efficiently recover inhibition must be done, usually increasing pH value above 11. This method, however, based on external chemical dosing, limiting sustainability process. this work, simultaneous recovery urea phosphorous from synthetic was aimed at means electrochemical modulation. Electrochemical cells were constructed used for stabilization situ formation OH- ions cathode. addition, precipitation with divalent cations (Ca2+, Mg2+) course elevation studied. equipped commercial (Fumasep FKE) developmental (PSEBS SU) cation exchange membranes (CEM) study carry out P-recovery an applied current density 60 A m−2. successfully stabilized long time (more than 1 month room temperature nearly two months 4 °C) 11.5. >82% could achieved precipitate, identified as amorphous calcium magnesium phosphate (CMP) using transmission electron microscopy (TEM).